•Level A -
IDLH environments,
fully encapsulated,
requires SCBA
•Level B -
Chemicals or substances with inhalation hazard, requires SCBA or SAR
•Level C -
Known contaminants,
requires air-purifying respirator
LEVELS OF PPE
Level A PPE is required for
exposures in the area of a release (the hot zone), if air concentrations
exceed those that are immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH).This level of protection mandates a self-contained
breathing apparatus (SCBA), is fully encapsulating, and is resistant to
liquid and vapor penetration.This
level of PPE is difficult to wear for long periods of time, and the wearer is
exposed to a claustrophobic environment with risk of heat stress.
Level B PPE is required for
chemicals or substances that pose a potential inhalation hazard but requiring
a lesser level of skin protection.Although this PPE ensemble offers less splash protection than Level A,
when coupled with an SCBA or supplied air respirator (SAR), it provides
adequate vapor protection. This is the minimum level of protection for
personnel dealing with vapor-prone hazardous materials.
Level C PPE should be used
when the atmospheric contaminants have been identified, (such as nerve or
blister agents), concentrations measured and determined to below a hazardous
level, and an air purifying respirator (along with an agent-specific filtering
canister) is appropriate and available to remove the contaminants
involved.This ensemble is protective
for both liquid and vapor.An air
purifying respirator is one in which ambient air passes through a filter
element or canister that removes gaseous or particulate contaminants.There are two basic types of air-purifying
respirators. A negative-pressure respirator functions when the ambient air is
pulled across the filter by the user’s inspiration. A positive-pressure,
powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) has a battery-operated blower that
propels ambient air through a filter and then into a mask.